Pico da Neblina National Park in northwestern Brazil is part of the world’s largest network of national parks in tropical rainforest. Located on the border with Venezuela, the region protects key ecosystems of the Guiana Shield, a global center of endemism.
The park includes Pico da Neblina, Brazil’s highest mountain. Its unique altitudinal range from lowland rainforest to cloud forest supports exceptional biodiversity. Together with Indigenous communities and partners, we strengthen long-term protection and management of this remote landscape.
- National Park: Pico da Neblina National Park
- Country: Brazil
- Location: Northwestern Brazil (Amazon, border with Venezuela)
- Ecosystem: Tropical rainforest and montane cloud forest
- Size: 22,252 km²
- Status: National Park
- Profile: Exceptionally high biodiversity and endemism
- FZS Presence: Since 2025
Pico da Neblina National Park is located in northwestern Brazil along the border with Venezuela. The landscape forms part of the Guiana Shield, one of the oldest geological formations on Earth, and is embedded in a vast transboundary network of protected areas covering around 80,000 km². The park is named after Pico da Neblina, Brazil’s highest mountain, which rises to 2,995 metres. Known as Yaripo to the Yanomami, the mountain holds cultural and spiritual significance for Indigenous communities in the region.
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The area is part of a critical biodiversity hotspot in the Amazon rainforest. The region forms part of the Brazilian Amazon, one of the most important regions for global biodiversity and climate regulation. The area spans one of the largest altitudinal gradients in the Amazon, from lowland rainforest to high-elevation cloud forest. Its geological isolation and wide elevation range have created habitats for many endemic and still unknown species. These ecosystems play a key role in maintaining ecological stability and protectingcritical freshwater systems. The park protects headwaters that feed into the Rio Negro, the world’s largest blackwater river, contributing to freshwater systems across the Amazon basin.
The region hosts a wide range of ecosystems, from lowland rainforest to high-altitude cloud forests. These habitats support specialized plant communities such as orchids and bromeliads, as well as diverse Amazonian wildlife. The combination of isolation and elevation makes the area a center of endemism.
Despite its remoteness, the region faces pressure from illegal gold mining, hunting, and fishing. Historically, limited infrastructure and institutional presence made effective protection difficult in remote areas. Strengthening long-term protection remains a key priority.
We support the long-term protection of Pico da Neblina National Park, one of the most remote protected areas in Brazil, by strengthening park management, improving surveillance systems, and building capacity among rangers and local stakeholders. Together with ICMBio and Indigenous partners, we enhance control strategies and support infrastructure at key access points.
We support ICMBio and Indigenous authorities in improving control and surveillance systems, including infrastructure and equipment at critical locations. We also contribute to building technical capacity for effective protected area management.
We facilitate scientific expeditions in remote high-altitude areas to expand knowledge of biodiversity and ecological processes. Research is carried out in close collaboration with Indigenous communities, strengthening local capacity and supporting sustainable livelihoods.
The National Park and the landscape overlap with Indigenous territories of the Upper Rio Negro region, including Yanomami Indigenous Territory (IT), Balaio IT, Cue-Cue Marabitanas IT und Medio Rio Negro II IT. Indigenous knowledge and stewardship play a central role in protecting biodiversity and ecosystems. We work closely with ICMBio and Indigenous partners to support long-term conservation.
Successful conservation is always the result of great teamwork. We collaborate with local communities, national authorities, and conservation organizations. Our partners make our conservation work possible.
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Pico da Neblina National Park is a protected area in northwestern Brazil, located in the Amazon rainforest along the border with Venezuela. Named after Pico da Neblina, Brazil’s highest mountain at 2,995 metres, the park forms part of the Guiana Shield and protects a vast and remote rainforest landscape.
Pico da Neblina National Park is located in the state of Amazonas in northwestern Brazil, near the border with Venezuela. The area lies within the Guiana Shield, one of the oldest geological regions on Earth.
The park protects one of the most significant biodiversity areas in the Amazon. It spans one of the largest altitudinal gradients in the region, from lowland rainforest to cloud forest, creating habitats for many endemic and still undocumented species.
The park includes a range of ecosystems, from tropical lowland rainforest to high-elevation cloud forest. This variation in altitude supports diverse plant and animal communities and contributes to the region’s high levels of biodiversity and endemism.
The National Park and the landscape overlap with Indigenous territories, including Yanomami Indigenous Territory (IT), Balaio IT, Cue-Cue Marabitanas IT und Medio Rio Negro II IT. Known as Yaripo to the Yanomami, Pico da Neblina holds cultural and spiritual significance, and Indigenous communities play a key role in protecting the region’s ecosystems.
The park contributes to global biodiversity conservation and climate regulation. It also protects headwaters that feed into the Rio Negro, the world’s largest blackwater river, supporting freshwater systems across the Amazon basin.